Autoimmune liver diseases and SARS-CoV-2.
World J Gastroenterol
; 29(12): 1838-1851, 2023 Mar 28.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2303435
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), can trigger autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals through hyperstimulation of immune response and molecular mimicry. Here we summarise the current knowledge about auto-immune liver diseases (AILDs) and SARS-CoV-2, focusing on (1) The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the course of COVID-19 in patients affected by AILDs; (2) the role of SARS-CoV-2 in inducing liver damage and triggering AILDs; and (3) the ability of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 to induce autoimmune responses in the liver. Data derived from the literature suggest that patients with AILDs do not carry an increased risk of SARS-Cov-2 infection but may develop a more severe course of COVID-19 if on treatment with steroids or thiopurine. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to the development of several autoimmune diseases, few reports correlate it to the appearance of de novo manifestation of immune-mediated liver diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) or AIH/PBC overlap syndrome. Different case series of an AIH-like syndrome with a good prognosis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have been described. Although the causal link between SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and AIH cannot be definitively established, these reports suggest that this association could be more than coincidental.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Autoimmune Diseases
/
Hepatitis, Autoimmune
/
COVID-19 Vaccines
/
COVID-19
/
Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary
/
Liver Diseases
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
World J Gastroenterol
Journal subject:
Gastroenterology
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Wjg.v29.i12.1838
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