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Enhanced evasion of neutralizing antibody response by Omicron XBB.1.5, CH.1.1, and CA.3.1 variants.
Qu, Panke; Faraone, Julia N; Evans, John P; Zheng, Yi-Min; Carlin, Claire; Anghelina, Mirela; Stevens, Patrick; Fernandez, Soledad; Jones, Daniel; Panchal, Ashish R; Saif, Linda J; Oltz, Eugene M; Zhang, Baoshan; Zhou, Tongqing; Xu, Kai; Gumina, Richard J; Liu, Shan-Lu.
  • Qu P; Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Faraone JN; Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Evans JP; Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Zheng YM; Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Carlin C; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Anghelina M; Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Stevens P; Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Fernandez S; Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Jones D; Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
  • Panchal AR; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
  • Saif LJ; Center for Food Animal Health, Animal Sciences Department, OARDC, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
  • Oltz EM; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Zhang B; Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
  • Zhou T; Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
  • Xu K; Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
  • Gumina RJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College
  • Liu SL; Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Viruses and Emerging Pathogens Program, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Dep
Cell Rep ; 42(5): 112443, 2023 05 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2306918
ABSTRACT
Omicron subvariants continuingly challenge current vaccination strategies. Here, we demonstrate nearly complete escape of the XBB.1.5, CH.1.1, and CA.3.1 variants from neutralizing antibodies stimulated by three doses of mRNA vaccine or by BA.4/5 wave infection, but neutralization is rescued by a BA.5-containing bivalent booster. CH.1.1 and CA.3.1 show strong immune escape from monoclonal antibody S309. Additionally, XBB.1.5, CH.1.1, and CA.3.1 spike proteins exhibit increased fusogenicity and enhanced processing compared with BA.2. Homology modeling reveals the key roles of G252V and F486P in the neutralization resistance of XBB.1.5, with F486P also enhancing receptor binding. Further, K444T/M and L452R in CH.1.1 and CA.3.1 likely drive escape from class II neutralizing antibodies, whereas R346T and G339H mutations could confer the strong neutralization resistance of these two subvariants to S309-like antibodies. Overall, our results support the need for administration of the bivalent mRNA vaccine and continued surveillance of Omicron subvariants.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antibodies, Neutralizing / Antibodies, Monoclonal Topics: Vaccines / Variants Language: English Journal: Cell Rep Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.celrep.2023.112443

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antibodies, Neutralizing / Antibodies, Monoclonal Topics: Vaccines / Variants Language: English Journal: Cell Rep Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.celrep.2023.112443