Farmers' perception on the potential impact of Coronavirus disease on their livelihood in Malawi.

ABSTRACT

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was a global health crisis. Its effects did not spare the smallholder farmers. This study aimed at assessing smallholder farmers' perceived potential impact of COVID-19 on their livelihood in Malawi. During the first wave of the COVID-19, 606 smallholder farmers residing in 12 districts in Malawi were interviewed through an online survey. Farmers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices on COVID-19 were evaluated. Results showed that 81% of the farmers had knowledge on transmission, prevention, signs and symptoms, groups which were at high risk, and that there was no availability of COVID-19 treatment. The majority of the farmers (96%) reported that the measures which the Government of Malawi instituted to contain the spread of the disease were effective. All the farmers interviewed reported practicing at-least one of the preventive measures as advised by the Government through the Ministry of Health. Ninety nine percent of the farmers reported that they would report using the channels designated by the Government through the Ministry of Health if they suspected that one has symptoms of COVID-19. The critical sources of COVID-19 information for the farmers were radio and television stations (80%), and digital platforms (73%). Based on the farmers' views, the first wave of the disease negatively impacted their income (85%) and food (63%) sources. These results pinpoint the need for COVID-19 inclusive programming in existing and new developmental initiatives targeting smallholder farmers.