A Perspective on Current Flavivirus Vaccine Development: A Brief Review.
Viruses
; 15(4)2023 03 28.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2314252
ABSTRACT
The flavivirus genus contains several clinically important pathogens that account for tremendous global suffering. Primarily transmitted by mosquitos or ticks, these viruses can cause severe and potentially fatal diseases ranging from hemorrhagic fevers to encephalitis. The extensive global burden is predominantly caused by six flaviviruses dengue, Zika, West Nile, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis and tick-borne encephalitis. Several vaccines have been developed, and many more are currently being tested in clinical trials. However, flavivirus vaccine development is still confronted with many shortcomings and challenges. With the use of the existing literature, we have studied these hurdles as well as the signs of progress made in flavivirus vaccinology in the context of future development strategies. Moreover, all current licensed and phase-trial flavivirus vaccines have been gathered and discussed based on their vaccine type. Furthermore, potentially relevant vaccine types without any candidates in clinical testing are explored in this review as well. Over the past decades, several modern vaccine types have expanded the field of vaccinology, potentially providing alternative solutions for flavivirus vaccines. These vaccine types offer different development strategies as opposed to traditional vaccines. The included vaccine types were live-attenuated, inactivated, subunit, VLPs, viral vector-based, epitope-based, DNA and mRNA vaccines. Each vaccine type offers different advantages, some more suitable for flaviviruses than others. Additional studies are needed to overcome the barriers currently faced by flavivirus vaccine development, but many potential solutions are currently being explored.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Yellow Fever
/
Viral Vaccines
/
Flavivirus Infections
/
Flavivirus
/
Zika Virus
/
Zika Virus Infection
Type of study:
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
V15040860
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