Bioprotection of Transportation and Facilities from SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).
Transp Res Rec
; 2677(4): 396-407, 2023 Apr.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2314856
ABSTRACT
The recent COVID-19 pandemic has led to a nearly world-wide shelter-in-place strategy. This raises several natural concerns about the safe relaxing of current restrictions. This article focuses on the design and operation of heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in the context of transportation. Do HVAC systems have a role in limiting viral spread? During shelter-in-place, can the HVAC system in a dwelling or a vehicle help limit spread of the virus? After the shelter-in-place strategy ends, can typical workplace and transportation HVAC systems limit spread of the virus? This article directly addresses these and other questions. In addition, it also summarizes simplifying assumptions needed to make meaningful predictions. This article derives new results using transform methods first given in Ginsberg and Bui. These new results describe viral spread through an HVAC system and estimate the aggregate dose of virus inhaled by an uninfected building or vehicle occupant when an infected occupant is present within the same building or vehicle. Central to these results is the derivation of a quantity called the "protection factor"-a term-of-art borrowed from the design of gas masks. Older results that rely on numerical approximations to these differential equations have long been lab validated. This article gives the exact solutions in fixed infrastructure for the first time. These solutions, therefore, retain the same lab validation of the older methods of approximation. Further, these exact solutions yield valuable insights into HVAC systems used in transportation.
Amtrak; Department of Defense; airport systems; aviation; aviation system planning; commuter rail; countermeasures; deployment; driverless; federal government; intergovernmental relations in aviation; military; modeling and forecasting; natural hazards and extreme weather events; operations and adaptation; passenger rail transportation; passengers; planning; preparedness and protection; public transportation; rail; rail transit systems; resilience and risk management; ridership; safety; safety performance and analysis; safety planning; subway; sustainability and resilience; transportation for national defense; transportation infrastructure protection and preparedness; transportation safety management systems; transportation systems resilience; urban; vehicle technologies; vulnerability and resilience assessment; vulnerability and threat assessment
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Language:
English
Journal:
Transp Res Rec
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
03611981221074643
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