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Toxicity Evaluation and Effect-Based Identification of Chlorine Disinfection Products of the Anti-COVID-19 Drug Chloroquine Phosphate.
Hu, Shengchao; Fang, Shangbiao; Zhao, Jian; Wang, Guowei; Qi, Weixiao; Zhang, Gong; Huang, Cunrui; Qu, Jiuhui; Liu, Huijuan.
  • Hu S; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
  • Fang S; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
  • Zhao J; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
  • Wang G; Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430205, China.
  • Qi W; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
  • Zhang G; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
  • Huang C; Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
  • Qu J; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
  • Liu H; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Environ Sci Technol ; 57(21): 7913-7923, 2023 05 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2315445
ABSTRACT
Antiviral transformation products (TPs) generated during wastewater treatment are an environmental concern, as their discharge, in considerable amounts, into natural waters during a pandemic can pose possible risks to the aquatic environment. Identification of the hazardous TPs generated from antivirals during wastewater treatment is important. Herein, chloroquine phosphate (CQP), which was widely used during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, was selected for research. We investigated the TPs generated from CQP during water chlorination. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were used to assess the developmental toxicity of CQP after water chlorination, and hazardous TPs were estimated using effect-directed analysis (EDA). Principal component analysis revealed that the developmental toxicity induced by chlorinated samples could be relevant to the formation of some halogenated TPs. Fractionation of the hazardous chlorinated sample, along with the bioassay and chemical analysis, identified halogenated TP387 as the main hazardous TP contributing to the developmental toxicity induced by chlorinated samples. TP387 could also be formed in real wastewater during chlorination in environmentally relevant conditions. This study provides a scientific basis for the further assessment of environmental risks of CQP after water chlorination and describes a method for identifying unknown hazardous TPs generated from pharmaceuticals during wastewater treatment.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Water Pollutants, Chemical / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Environ Sci Technol Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Acs.est.2c08260

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Water Pollutants, Chemical / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Environ Sci Technol Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Acs.est.2c08260