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Interleukin-39 is a novel cytokine associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and positively correlated with body mass index.
Nussrat, Shahad W; Ad'hiah, Ali H.
  • Nussrat SW; Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
  • Ad'hiah AH; Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Endocrinol Diabetes Metab ; 6(3): e409, 2023 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2317754
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

It is suggested that cytokines play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, this study explored two recently discovered cytokines, interleukin (IL)-37 (anti-inflammatory) and IL-39 (pro-inflammatory), in T2DM due to limited data in this context.

METHODS:

Serum IL-37 and IL-39 levels were determined in 106 T2DM patients and 109 controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.

RESULTS:

Serum levels (median and interquartile range) of IL-37 (79 [47-102] vs. 60 [46-89] ng/L; probability [p] = .04) and IL-39 (66 [59-69] vs. 31 [19-42] ng/L; p < .001) were significantly elevated in T2DM patients compared to controls. As indicated by the area under the curve (AUC), IL-39 (AUC = 0.973; p < .001) was more predictable for T2DM than IL-37 (AUC = 0.582; p = .039). Elevated levels of IL-39 were significantly associated with T2DM (odds ratio = 1.30; p < .001), while IL-37 did not show this association. Classification of IL-37 and IL-39 levels by demographic and clinical characteristics of patients revealed some significant differences including gender (IL-39), body mass index (BMI; IL-37 and IL-39) and diabetic neuropathy (IL-39). BMI was positively correlated with IL-39 (correlation coefficient [rs ] = 0.27; p = .005) and glycosylated haemoglobin (rs  = 0.31; p = .001), and negatively correlated with age at onset (rs  = -0.24; p = .015).

CONCLUSIONS:

IL-37 and IL-39 levels were elevated in the serum of T2DM patients. Besides, IL-39 is proposed to be a novel cytokine associated with T2DM and positively correlated with BMI.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cytokines / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Edm2.409

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cytokines / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Edm2.409