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Intervention development of 'Diabetes Together' using the person-based approach: a couples-focused intervention to support self-management of type 2 diabetes in South Africa.
Smith, Kirsten Ailsa; Van Pinxteren, Myrna; Mbokazi, Nonzuzo; Majikela-Dlangamandla, Buyelwa; Delobelle, Peter; Levitt, Naomi; McGrath, Nuala.
  • Smith KA; School of Computing, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
  • Van Pinxteren M; Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Mbokazi N; Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Majikela-Dlangamandla B; Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Delobelle P; Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Levitt N; Department of Public Health, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.
  • McGrath N; Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
BMJ Open ; 13(5): e069982, 2023 05 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2319417
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing concern in South Africa, where many find self-management challenging. Behaviour-change health interventions are enhanced by involving partners of patients. We aimed to develop a couples-focused intervention to improve self-management of T2D among adults in South Africa.

DESIGN:

We used the person-based approach (PBA) synthesising evidence from existing interventions; background research; theory; and primary qualitative interviews with 10 couples to ascertain barriers and facilitators to self-management. This evidence was used to formulate guiding principles that directed the intervention design. We then prototyped the intervention workshop material, shared it with our public and patient involvement group and ran iterative co-discovery think-aloud sessions with nine couples. Feedback was rapidly analysed and changes formulated to improve the intervention, optimising its acceptability and maximising its potential efficacy.

SETTING:

We recruited couples using public-sector health services in the area of Cape Town, South Africa, during 2020-2021.

PARTICIPANTS:

The 38 participants were couples where one person had T2D. INTERVENTION We developed the 'Diabetes Together' intervention to support self-management of T2D among couples in South Africa, focussing on improved communication and shared appraisal of T2D; identifying opportunities for better self-management; and support from partners. Diabetes Together combined eight informational and two skills-building sections over two workshops.

RESULTS:

Our guiding principles included providing equal information on T2D to partners; improving couples' communication; shared goal-setting; discussion of diabetes fears; discussing couples' roles in diabetes self-management; and supporting couples' autonomy to identify and prioritise diabetes self-management strategies.Participants viewing Diabetes Together valued the couples-focus of the intervention, especially communication. Feedback resulted in several improvements throughout the intervention, for example, addressing health concerns and tailoring to the setting.

CONCLUSIONS:

Using the PBA, our intervention was developed and tailored to our target audience. Our next step is to pilot the workshops' feasibility and acceptability.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Self-Management Type of study: Experimental Studies / Qualitative research Limits: Adult / Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: BMJ Open Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Bmjopen-2022-069982

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Self-Management Type of study: Experimental Studies / Qualitative research Limits: Adult / Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: BMJ Open Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Bmjopen-2022-069982