COVID-19 exposure setting, social and gender determinants in a Mediterranean region
Revista Espanola de Salud Publica
; 96(e202212091), 2022.
Article
in Spanish
| CAB Abstracts | ID: covidwho-2319478
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Knowledge of social and gender determinants, which influence the places where people are exposed to COVID-19, may be relevant in the development of preventive and control strategies. The aim of this paper was to determine the context in which COVID-19 cases were infected (household, work/labor, health, social-health, and social-leisure settings) according to country of origin, occupational social class and gender, which is essential in order to designing public health strategies.METHODS:
A cross-sectional study of an epidemiological registry of 56,628 COVID-19 incident cases was made, whose exposure/ contagion setting was studied according to the previous variables from June 15 to December 23, 2020, in the Region of Murcia (Spain). An exact Fisher test was used to study the distribution of COVID-19 cases based on the above variables.RESULTS:
The cumulative incidence was higher in people from Africa (5,133.5 cases/100,000 inhabitants) and Latin America (11,351.1) than in non-immigrants (3,145.7). It was also higher in women (3,885.6) than in men (3,572.6). It is noteworthy, that 53.3% of the cases with employment were workers in industry or construction, artisans, agricultural workers, or elementary occupations. In contrast, during the second semester of 2020, 41.3% of the employed population in the Region of Murcia performed such jobs. The household was the main exposure setting (56.5% of cases with a known setting), followed by social-leisure (20.7%) and work/labor (18.2%). The labor settings were more important in immigrants from Africa (28.4%) and Latin America (35.7%) than in non-immigrants (12%), inversely to social-leisure settings. Labor context was more important in women (19.6%) than in men (16.5%) and in manual workers (44.1%) than in non-manual workers (26.6%).CONCLUSIONS:
The context in which COVID-19 cases were infected is different according to social inequalities related to country of origin, gender and occupational social class.
Prion; Viral; Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans [VV210]; Social Psychology and Social Anthropology [UU485]; Occupational Health and Safety [VV900]; Demography [UU200]; agricultural manpower; construction workers; coronavirus disease 2019; disease incidence; disease transmission; epidemiology; exposure; human diseases; immigrants; leisure; men; migrants; occupational hazards; occupational health; public health; risk; risk assessment; risk factors; safety at work; sex differences; social classes; social inequalities; viral diseases; women; workers; man; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Africa; Latin America; Mediterranean Region; Spain; America; Homo; Hominidae; primates; mammals; vertebrates; Chordata; animals; eukaryotes; Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirinae; Coronaviridae; Nidovirales; positive-sense ssRNA Viruses; ssRNA Viruses; RNA Viruses; viruses; European Union Countries; high income countries; OECD Countries; Southern Europe; Europe; very high Human Development Index countries; building workers; Mediterranean countries; occupational safety; SARS-CoV-2; viral infections
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Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
CAB Abstracts
Language:
Spanish
Journal:
Revista Espanola de Salud Publica
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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