Impaired potency of neutralizing antibodies against cell-cell fusion mediated by SARS-CoV-2.
Emerg Microbes Infect
; 12(1): 2210237, 2023 Dec.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2320320
ABSTRACT
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have dominated the pandemic due to their high transmissibility and immune evasion conferred by the spike mutations. The Omicron subvariants can spread by cell-free virus infection and cell-cell fusion, the latter of which is more effective but has not been extensively investigated. In this study, we developed a simple and high-throughput assay that provides a rapid readout to quantify cell-cell fusion mediated by the SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins without using live or pseudotyped virus. This assay can be used to identify variants of concern and to screen for prophylactic and therapeutic agents. We further evaluated a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and vaccinee sera against D614G and Omicron subvariants, finding that cell-cell fusion is substantially more resistant to mAb and serum inhibition than cell-free virus infection. Such results have important implications for the development of vaccines and antiviral antibody drugs against cell-cell fusion induced by SARS-CoV-2 spikes.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Antibodies, Neutralizing
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
Topics:
Vaccines
/
Variants
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Emerg Microbes Infect
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
22221751.2023.2210237
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