Vaccine prevention of COVID-19 in the system of anti-epidemic and preventive measures. literature review

ABSTRACT

Relevance Despite the undoubted successes achieved in the fight against infectious diseases, the importance of pathogens in human pathology not only does not decrease, but also shows a tendency to increase. Thousands of people die from complications every year. This is due to the fact that viruses, primarily influenza viruses and coronaviruses, have the ability to change their structure and the mutated virus is able to infect a person again. So, a person who has had the flu has a good immune barrier, but nevertheless a new modified virus is able to easily penetrate it, since the body has not yet developed immunity against this type of virus. To date, the most effective measure of protection against viral infections is vaccination. Aim: Analysis of literature data on the role of vaccination in the system of anti-epidemic and preventive measures in the fight against viral infections, including COVID-19. Search strategy Scientific publications were searched in the following databases PubMed, Medline, e-Library, using the Google Scholar scientific search engine. The search depth is 3 years. Criteria for inclusion publications in Russian and English by thematic requests vaccination, COVID-19, pandemic;publications included in the PubMed, Medline, e-Library databases;publications for the last 3 years. Criteria for excluding articles with paid access;s. A total of 168 sources were found. 62 articles passed the selection algorithm, accepted for analysis. Results: Analysis of the literature data has shown that today vaccination is an effective and beneficial measure against various infections worldwide. Vaccines save millions of lives every year. The development of safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19 is a huge step forward towards ending the pandemic and returning to a normal lifestyle. Conclusions: Based on the literature review, it became known that with the help of vaccines, humanity managed to get rid of a number of dangerous infections, and today, in the confrontation with the coronavirus pandemic, great hope is placed on them. A lot of research teams in different countries have joined in the search for a reliable vaccine.