Antiviral drugs in wastewater are on the rise as emerging contaminants: A comprehensive review of spatiotemporal characteristics, removal technologies and environmental risks.
J Hazard Mater
; 457: 131694, 2023 09 05.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2326984
ABSTRACT
Antiviral drugs (ATVs) are widely used to treat illnesses caused by viruses. Particularly, ATVs were consumed in such large quantities during the pandemic that high concentrations were detected in wastewater and aquatic environment. Since ATVs are not fully absorbed by the human or animal body, this results in large amounts of them being discharged into the sewage through urine or feces. Most ATVs can be degraded by microbes at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), while some ATVs either require deep treatment to reduce concentration and toxicity. Parent and metabolites residing in effluent posed a varying degree of risk when entering the aquatic environment, while increasing the potential of natural reservoirs for environmentally acquired antiviral drug resistance potential. There is a rising research on the behavior of ATVs in the environment has surged since the pandemic. In the context of multiple viral diseases worldwide, especially during the current COVID-19 pandemic, a comprehensive assessment of the occurrence, removal, and risk of ATVs is urgently needed. This review aims to discuss the fate of ATVs in WWTPs from various regions in the world with wastewater as the main analyzing object. The ultimate goal is to focus on ATVs with high ecological impact and regulate their use or develop advanced treatment technologies to mitigate the risk to the environment.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Water Pollutants, Chemical
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
J Hazard Mater
Journal subject:
Environmental Health
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.jhazmat.2023.131694
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