Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 variant following booster vaccination or breakthrough infection in the UK.

Wei, Jia; Matthews, Philippa C; Stoesser, Nicole; Newton, John N; Diamond, Ian; Studley, Ruth; Taylor, Nick; Bell, John I; Farrar, Jeremy; Kolenchery, Jaison; Marsden, Brian D; Hoosdally, Sarah; Jones, E Yvonne; Stuart, David I; Crook, Derrick W; Peto, Tim E A; Walker, A Sarah; Pouwels, Koen B; Eyre, David W

Wei, Jia; Matthews, Philippa C; Stoesser, Nicole; Newton, John N; Diamond, Ian; Studley, Ruth; Taylor, Nick; Bell, John I; Farrar, Jeremy; Kolenchery, Jaison; Marsden, Brian D; Hoosdally, Sarah; Jones, E Yvonne; Stuart, David I; Crook, Derrick W; Peto, Tim E A; Walker, A Sarah; Pouwels, Koen B; Eyre, David W.

Wei J; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Matthews PC; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Stoesser N; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Newton JN; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK.
Diamond I; Division of infection and immunity, University College London, London, UK.
Studley R; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Taylor N; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Bell JI; The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Farrar J; The National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Kolenchery J; European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Truro, UK.
Marsden BD; Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK.
Hoosdally S; Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK.
Jones EY; Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK.
Stuart DI; Office of the Regius Professor of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Crook DW; Wellcome Trust, London, UK.
Peto TEA; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Walker AS; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Pouwels KB; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Eyre DW; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Nat Commun ; 14(1): 2799, 2023 05 16.

Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2327022

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Following primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, whether boosters or breakthrough infections provide greater protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection is incompletely understood. Here we investigated SARS-CoV-2 antibody correlates of protection against new Omicron BA.4/5 (re-)infections and anti-spike IgG antibody trajectories after a third/booster vaccination or breakthrough infection following second vaccination in 154,149 adults ≥18 y from the United Kingdom general population. Higher antibody levels were associated with increased protection against Omicron BA.4/5 infection and breakthrough infections were associated with higher levels of protection at any given antibody level than boosters. Breakthrough infections generated similar antibody levels to boosters, and the subsequent antibody declines were slightly slower than after boosters. Together our findings show breakthrough infection provides longer-lasting protection against further infections than booster vaccinations. Our findings, considered alongside the risks of severe infection and long-term consequences of infection, have important implications for vaccine policy.

Subject(s)

Breakthrough Infections; COVID-19; Adult; Humans; COVID-19/prevention & control; COVID-19 Vaccines; SARS-CoV-2; Antibodies, Viral; Reinfection; United Kingdom/epidemiology; Vaccination

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Breakthrough Infections Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adult / Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal: Nat Commun Journal subject: Biology / Science Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41467-023-38275-1

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