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Pulmonary Delivery of Fenretinide: A Possible Adjuvant Treatment In COVID-19.
Orienti, Isabella; Gentilomi, Giovanna Angela; Farruggia, Giovanna.
  • Orienti I; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
  • Gentilomi GA; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
  • Farruggia G; Unit of Microbiology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci ; 21(11)2020 May 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-382033
ABSTRACT
At present, there is no vaccine or effective standard treatment for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (or coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)), which frequently leads to lethal pulmonary inflammatory responses. COVID-19 pathology is characterized by extreme inflammation and amplified immune response with activation of a cytokine storm. A subsequent progression to acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can take place, which is often followed by death. The causes of these strong inflammatory responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection are still unknown. As uncontrolled pulmonary inflammation is likely the main cause of death in SARS-CoV-2 infection, anti-inflammatory therapeutic interventions are particularly important. Fenretinide N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide is a bioactive molecule characterized by poly-pharmacological properties and a low toxicity profile. Fenretinide is endowed with antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulating properties other than efficacy in obesity/diabetic pathologies. Its anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities, in particular, could likely have utility in multimodal therapies for the treatment of ALI/ARDS in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, fenretinide administration by pulmonary delivery systems could further increase its therapeutic value by carrying high drug concentrations to the lungs and triggering a rapid onset of activity. This is particularly important in SARS-CoV-2 infection, where only a narrow time window exists for therapeutic intervention.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Fenretinide / Coronavirus Infections / Anti-Inflammatory Agents Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: IJMS21113812

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Fenretinide / Coronavirus Infections / Anti-Inflammatory Agents Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: IJMS21113812