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Hydrogen peroxide and viral infections: A literature review with research hypothesis definition in relation to the current covid-19 pandemic.
Caruso, Arturo Armone; Del Prete, Antonio; Lazzarino, Antonio Ivan.
  • Caruso AA; Department of Otolaryngology, AIAS di Afragola, Naples, Italy.
  • Del Prete A; Department of Ophthalmology, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
  • Lazzarino AI; EPISTATA - Agency for Clinical Research and Medical Statistics, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: a.lazzarino@ucl.ac.uk.
Med Hypotheses ; 144: 109910, 2020 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-457514
ABSTRACT
We reviewed the literature concerning the innate response from nasal and oral epithelial cells and their reaction to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Hydrogen peroxide is produced physiologically by oral bacteria and plays a significant role in the balance of oral microecology since it is an important antimicrobial agent. In the epithelial cells, the enzyme superoxide dismutase catalyzes a reaction leading from hydrogen peroxide to the ion superoxide. The induced oxidative stress stimulates a local innate response via activation of the toll-like receptors and the NF-κB. Those kinds of reactions are also activated by viral infections. Virus-induced oxidative stress plays an important role in the regulation of the host immune system and the specific oxidant-sensitive pathway is one of the effective strategies against viral infections. Therefore, nose/mouth/throat washing with hydrogen peroxide may enhance those local innate responses to viral infections and help protect against the current coronavirus pandemic. We strongly encourage the rapid development of randomized controlled trials in both SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative subjects to test the preliminary findings from the in-vitro and in-vivo observational studies that we identified.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Virus Diseases / COVID-19 Drug Treatment / Hydrogen Peroxide Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials / Reviews Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Med Hypotheses Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.mehy.2020.109910

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Virus Diseases / COVID-19 Drug Treatment / Hydrogen Peroxide Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials / Reviews Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Med Hypotheses Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.mehy.2020.109910