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COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Impact and Potential Implications for Cardiovascular Disease in Canada.
Botly, Leigh C P; Martin-Rhee, Michelle; Kasiban, Adrienne; Swartz, Richard H; Mulvagh, Sharon L; Lindsay, M Patrice; Goia, Cristina; Smith, Eric E; Hill, Michael D; Field, Thalia S; Krahn, Andrew D; Oudit, Gavin Y; Zieroth, Shelley; Yip, Cindy Y Y.
  • Botly LCP; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Martin-Rhee M; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Kasiban A; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Swartz RH; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Mulvagh SL; Division of Cardiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota, USA.
  • Lindsay MP; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Goia C; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Smith EE; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
  • Hill MD; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
  • Field TS; Vancouver Stroke Program, Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
  • Krahn AD; Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, and St Paul's and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
  • Oudit GY; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
  • Zieroth S; University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
  • Yip CYY; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
CJC Open ; 2(4): 265-272, 2020 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-549011
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The literature indicates that cardiovascular disease (CVD; including stroke), older age, and availability of health care resources affect COVID-19 case fatality rates (CFRs). The cumulative effect of COVID-19 CFRs in global CVD populations and the extrapolated effect on access to health care services in the CVD population in Canada are not fully known. In this study we explored the relationships of factors that might affect COVID-19 CFRs and estimated the potential indirect effects of COVID-19 on Canadian health care resources.

METHODS:

Country-level epidemiological data were analyzed to study the correlation, main effect, and interaction between COVID-19 CFRs and (1) the proportion of the population with CVD; (2) the proportion of the population 65 years of age or older; and (3) the availability of essential health services as defined by the World Health Organization Universal Health Coverage index. For indirect implications on health care resources, estimates of the volume of postponed coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, and valve surgeries in Ontario were calculated.

RESULTS:

Positive correlations were found between COVID-19 CFRs and (1) the proportion of the population with CVD (ρ = 0.40; P = 0.001); (2) the proportion of the population 65 years of age or older (ρ = 0.43; P = 0.0005); and (3) Universal Health Coverage index (ρ = 0.27; P = 0.03). For every 1% increase in the proportion of the population 65 years of age or older or proportion of the population with CVD, the COVID-19 CFR was 9% and 19% higher, respectively. Approximately 1252 procedures would be postponed monthly in Ontario because of current public health measures.

CONCLUSIONS:

Countries with more prevalent CVD reported higher COVID-19 CFRs. Strain on health care resources is likely in Canada.
CONTEXTE La littérature indique que les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV, incluant les accidents vasculaires cérébraux), l'âge avancé et la facilité d'accès aux ressources de soins de santé ont une incidence sur les taux de létalité (TL) des cas de COVID-19. L'effet cumulatif du TL de la COVID-19 dans l'ensemble de la population atteinte de MCV et l'impact anticipé sur l'accès aux services de santé dans la population atteinte de MCV au Canada ne sont pas entièrement connus. Cette étude a exploré les liens entre les facteurs pouvant influencer le TL des cas de COVID-19 et a estimé le potentiel impact indirect de la COVID-19 sur les ressources de soins de santé au Canada. MÉTHODES Les données épidémiologiques à l'échelle du pays ont été analysées pour étudier la corrélation, l'effet principal et l'interaction entre le TL de laCOVID-19 et 1) la proportion de la population souffrant de MCV, 2) la proportion de la population ≥ 65 ans, et 3) l'accessibilité des services de santé essentiels tels que définis par l'indice de couverture sanitaire universelle (CSU) de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé. Pour les implications indirectes concernant les ressources de santé, des estimations du volume d'opération de pontages coronariens, d'interventions coronariennes percutanées et de chirurgies valvulaires reportées en Ontario ont été calculées. RÉSULTATS Des corrélations positives ont été trouvées entre le TL de la COVID-19 et 1) la proportion de la population souffrant de MCV (ρ= 0,40, P = 0,001), 2) la proportion de la population ≥ 65 ans (ρ= 0,43, P = 0,0005), et 3) l'indice CSU (ρ= 0,27, P = 0,03). Pour chaque augmentation de 1 % de la proportion de la population ≥ 65 ans ou de la proportion de la population souffrant de MCV, le TL de la COVID-19 était respectivement supérieur de 9 % et 19 %. Environ 1 252 interventions seraient reportées chaque mois en Ontario en raison des mesures de santé publique actuelles.

CONCLUSIONS:

Les pays où les MCV sont plus répandues ont signalé un TL de la COVID-19 plus élevé. Il est probable que les ressources de soins de santé soient soumises à de fortes contraintes au Canada.

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study Language: English Journal: CJC Open Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.cjco.2020.06.003

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study Language: English Journal: CJC Open Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.cjco.2020.06.003