Autophagy as an emerging target for COVID-19: lessons from an old friend, chloroquine.
Autophagy
; 16(12): 2260-2266, 2020 12.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-593676
ABSTRACT
During the last week of December 2019, Wuhan (China) was confronted with the first case of respiratory tract disease 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to the rapid outbreak of the transmission (~3.64 million positive cases and high mortality as of 5 May 2020), the world is looking for immediate and better therapeutic options. Still, much information is not known, including origin of the disease, complete genomic characterization, mechanism of transmission dynamics, extent of spread, possible genetic predisposition, clinical and biological diagnosis, complete details of disease-induced pathogenicity, and possible therapeutic options. Although several known drugs are already under clinical evaluation with many in repositioning strategies, much attention has been paid to the aminoquinoline derivates, chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). These molecules are known regulators of endosomes/lysosomes, which are subcellular organelles central to autophagy processes. By elevating the pH of acidic endosomes/lysosomes, CQ/HCQ inhibit the autophagic process. In this short perspective, we discuss the roles of CQ/HCQ in the treatment of COVID-19 patients and propose new ways of possible treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection based on the molecules that selectivity target autophagy.Abbreviation ACE2 angiotensin I converting enzyme 2; CoV coronavirus; CQ chloroquine; ER endoplasmic reticulum; HCQ hydroxychloroquine; MERS-CoV Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; SARS-CoV severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Autophagy
/
Chloroquine
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Autophagy
Year:
2020
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
15548627.2020.1779467
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