MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infections in animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies.
Infez Med
; 28(suppl 1): 71-83, 2020 Jun 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-596356
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Coronaviruses are zoonotic viruses that include human epidemic pathogens such as the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome virus (MERS-CoV), and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus (SARS-CoV), among others (e.g., COVID-19, the recently emerging coronavirus disease). The role of animals as potential reservoirs for such pathogens remains an unanswered question. No systematic reviews have been published on this topic to date.METHODS:
We performed a systematic literature review with meta-analysis, using three databases to assess MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infection in animals and its diagnosis by serological and molecular tests. We performed a random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95%CI).RESULTS:
6,493articles were retrieved (1960-2019). After screening by abstract/title, 50 articles were selected for full-text assessment. Of them, 42 were finally included for qualitative and quantitative analyses. From a total of 34 studies (n=20,896 animals), the pool prevalence by RT-PCR for MERS-CoV was 7.2% (95%CI 5.6-8.7%), with 97.3% occurring in camels, in which pool prevalence was 10.3% (95%CI 8.3-12.3). Qatar was the country with the highest MERS-CoV RT-PCR pool prevalence 32.6% (95%CI 4.8-60.4%). From 5 studies and 2,618 animals, for SARS-CoV, the RT-PCR pool prevalence was 2.3% (95%CI 1.3-3.3). Of those, 38.35% were reported on bats, in which the pool prevalence was 14.1% (95%CI0.0-44.6%).DISCUSSION:
A considerable proportion of infected animals tested positive, particularly by nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT). This essential condition highlights the relevance of individual animals as reservoirs of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. In this meta-analysis, camels and bats were found to be positive by RT-PCR in over 10% of the cases for both; thus, suggesting their relevance in the maintenance of wild zoonotic transmission.
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Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Camelus
/
Chiroptera
/
Coronavirus Infections
/
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
/
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
/
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
/
Animals, Wild
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Observational study
/
Qualitative research
/
Randomized controlled trials
/
Reviews
/
Systematic review/Meta Analysis
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Infez Med
Journal subject:
Allergy and Immunology
Year:
2020
Document Type:
Article
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