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Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years.
Li, Ying; Wang, Haizhou; Wang, Fan; Du, Hui; Liu, Xueru; Chen, Peng; Wang, Yanli; Lu, Xiaoxia.
  • Li Y; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children' Hospital, Wuhan, China.
  • Wang H; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China.
  • Wang F; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China.
  • Du H; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children' Hospital, Wuhan, China.
  • Liu X; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children' Hospital, Wuhan, China.
  • Chen P; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children' Hospital, Wuhan, China.
  • Wang Y; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children' Hospital, Wuhan, China.
  • Lu X; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children' Hospital, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: lusi74@163.com.
Int J Infect Dis ; 98: 80-83, 2020 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-597827
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, considerable attention has been paid to its epidemiology and clinical characteristics in children. However, it is also crucial for clinicians to differentiate COVID-19 from other respiratory infectious diseases, such as influenza viruses.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective study. Two groups of COVID-19 patients (n=57) and influenza A patients (n=59) were enrolled. We analyzed and compared their clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics and treatments.

RESULTS:

The proportions of cough (70.2%), fever (54.4%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (14.1%) in COVID-19 patients were lower than those of influenza A patients (98.3%, P<0.001; 84.7%, P<0.001; and 35.6%, P=0.007; respectively). In addition, COVID-19 patients showed significantly lower levels of leukocytes (7.87 vs. 9.89×109L-1, P=0.027), neutrophils (2.43 vs. 5.16×109L-1, P<0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP; 3.7 vs. 15.1mg/L, P=0.001) and procalcitonin (PCT; 0.09 vs. 0.68mm/h, P<0.001), while lymphocyte levels (4.58 vs. 3.56×109L-1; P=0.006) were significantly higher compared with influenza A patients. In terms of CT imaging, ground-glass opacification in chest CT was more common in COVID-19 patients than in influenza A patients (42.1% vs. 15%, P=0.032). In contrast, consolidation was more common in influenza A patients (25%) than in COVID-19 patients (5.2%, P=0.025).

CONCLUSION:

The clinical manifestations and laboratory tests of COVID-19 children are milder than those of influenza A children under 5 years. Additionally, imaging results more commonly presented as ground-glass opacities in COVID-19 patients.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Influenza, Human / Betacoronavirus Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2020.06.026

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Influenza, Human / Betacoronavirus Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2020.06.026