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Immune and Metabolic Signatures of COVID-19 Revealed by Transcriptomics Data Reuse.
Gardinassi, Luiz G; Souza, Camila O S; Sales-Campos, Helioswilton; Fonseca, Simone G.
  • Gardinassi LG; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
  • Souza COS; Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
  • Sales-Campos H; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
  • Fonseca SG; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
Front Immunol ; 11: 1636, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-646395
ABSTRACT
The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has affected millions of individuals and caused thousands of deaths worldwide. The pathophysiology of the disease is complex and mostly unknown. Therefore, identifying the molecular mechanisms that promote progression of the disease is critical to overcome this pandemic. To address such issues, recent studies have reported transcriptomic profiles of cells, tissues and fluids from COVID-19 patients that mainly demonstrated activation of humoral immunity, dysregulated type I and III interferon expression, intense innate immune responses and inflammatory signaling. Here, we provide novel perspectives on the pathophysiology of COVID-19 using robust functional approaches to analyze public transcriptome datasets. In addition, we compared the transcriptional signature of COVID-19 patients with individuals infected with SARS-CoV-1 and Influenza A (IAV) viruses. We identified a core transcriptional signature induced by the respiratory viruses in peripheral leukocytes, whereas the absence of significant type I interferon/antiviral responses characterized SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also identified the higher expression of genes involved in metabolic pathways including heme biosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation and tryptophan metabolism. A BTM-driven meta-analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from COVID-19 patients showed significant enrichment for neutrophils and chemokines, which were also significant in data from lung tissue of one deceased COVID-19 patient. Importantly, our results indicate higher expression of genes related to oxidative phosphorylation both in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes and BALF, suggesting a critical role for mitochondrial activity during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Collectively, these data point for immunopathological features and targets that can be therapeutically exploited to control COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Interferon Type I / Coronavirus Infections / Chemokines / Betacoronavirus / Neutrophils Type of study: Reviews Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Front Immunol Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fimmu.2020.01636

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Interferon Type I / Coronavirus Infections / Chemokines / Betacoronavirus / Neutrophils Type of study: Reviews Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Front Immunol Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fimmu.2020.01636