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ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques.
van Doremalen, Neeltje; Lambe, Teresa; Spencer, Alexandra; Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sandra; Purushotham, Jyothi N; Port, Julia R; Avanzato, Victoria A; Bushmaker, Trenton; Flaxman, Amy; Ulaszewska, Marta; Feldmann, Friederike; Allen, Elizabeth R; Sharpe, Hannah; Schulz, Jonathan; Holbrook, Myndi; Okumura, Atsushi; Meade-White, Kimberly; Pérez-Pérez, Lizzette; Edwards, Nick J; Wright, Daniel; Bissett, Cameron; Gilbride, Ciaran; Williamson, Brandi N; Rosenke, Rebecca; Long, Dan; Ishwarbhai, Alka; Kailath, Reshma; Rose, Louisa; Morris, Susan; Powers, Claire; Lovaglio, Jamie; Hanley, Patrick W; Scott, Dana; Saturday, Greg; de Wit, Emmie; Gilbert, Sarah C; Munster, Vincent J.
  • van Doremalen N; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Lambe T; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Spencer A; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Belij-Rammerstorfer S; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Purushotham JN; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Port JR; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Avanzato VA; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Bushmaker T; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Flaxman A; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Ulaszewska M; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Feldmann F; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Allen ER; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Sharpe H; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Schulz J; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Holbrook M; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Okumura A; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Meade-White K; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Pérez-Pérez L; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Edwards NJ; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Wright D; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Bissett C; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Gilbride C; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Williamson BN; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Rosenke R; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Long D; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Ishwarbhai A; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Kailath R; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Rose L; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Morris S; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Powers C; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Lovaglio J; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Hanley PW; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Scott D; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Saturday G; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • de Wit E; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Gilbert SC; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Munster VJ; The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. sarah.gilbert@ndm.ox.ac.uk.
Nature ; 586(7830): 578-582, 2020 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-691215
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 20191,2 and is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic3. Vaccines are an essential countermeasure and are urgently needed to control the pandemic4. Here we show that the adenovirus-vector-based vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, which encodes the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, is immunogenic in mice and elicites a robust humoral and cell-mediated response. This response was predominantly mediated by type-1 T helper cells, as demonstrated by the profiling of the IgG subclass and the expression of cytokines. Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (using either a prime-only or a prime-boost regimen) induced a balanced humoral and cellular immune response of type-1 and type-2 T helper cells in rhesus macaques. We observed a significantly reduced viral load in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lower respiratory tract tissue of vaccinated rhesus macaques that were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 compared with control animals, and no pneumonia was observed in vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected animals. However, there was no difference in nasal shedding between vaccinated and control SARS-CoV-2-infected macaques. Notably, we found no evidence of immune-enhanced disease after viral challenge in vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected animals. The safety, immunogenicity and efficacy profiles of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 against symptomatic PCR-positive COVID-19 disease will now be assessed in randomized controlled clinical trials in humans.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Viral Vaccines / Coronavirus Infections / Disease Models, Animal / Pandemics / Betacoronavirus / Macaca mulatta Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Nature Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41586-020-2608-y

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Viral Vaccines / Coronavirus Infections / Disease Models, Animal / Pandemics / Betacoronavirus / Macaca mulatta Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Nature Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41586-020-2608-y