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Point-of-Care Diagnostics of COVID-19: From Current Work to Future Perspectives.
Hussein, Heba A; Hassan, Rabeay Y A; Chino, Marco; Febbraio, Ferdinando.
  • Hussein HA; Virology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12619, Egypt.
  • Hassan RYA; Nanoscience Program, University of Science and Technology (UST), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, Giza 12578, Egypt.
  • Chino M; Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
  • Febbraio F; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II". Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
Sensors (Basel) ; 20(15)2020 Jul 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-693345
ABSTRACT
Coronaviruses have received global concern since 2003, when an outbreak caused by SARS-CoV emerged in China. Later on, in 2012, the Middle-East respiratory syndrome spread in Saudi Arabia, caused by MERS-CoV. Currently, the global crisis is caused by the pandemic SARS-CoV-2, which belongs to the same lineage of SARS-CoV. In response to the urgent need of diagnostic tools, several lab-based and biosensing techniques have been proposed so far. Five main areas have been individuated and discussed in terms of their strengths and weaknesses. The cell-culture detection and the microneutralization tests are still considered highly reliable methods. The genetic screening, featuring the well-established Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), represents the gold standard for virus detection in nasopharyngeal swabs. On the other side, immunoassays were developed, either by screening/antigen recognition of IgM/IgG or by detecting the whole virus, in blood and sera. Next, proteomic mass-spectrometry (MS)-based methodologies have also been proposed for the analysis of swab samples. Finally, virus-biosensing devices were efficiently designed. Both electrochemical immunosensors and eye-based technologies have been described, showing detection times lower than 10 min after swab introduction. Alternative to swab-based techniques, lateral flow point-of-care immunoassays are already commercially available for the analysis of blood samples. Such biosensing devices hold the advantage of being portable for on-site testing in hospitals, airports, and hotspots, virtually without any sample treatment or complicated lab precautions.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Point-of-Care Systems Type of study: Diagnostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S20154289

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Point-of-Care Systems Type of study: Diagnostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S20154289