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Cerebral Microbleeds and Leukoencephalopathy in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19.
Agarwal, Shashank; Jain, Rajan; Dogra, Siddhant; Krieger, Penina; Lewis, Ariane; Nguyen, Vinh; Melmed, Kara; Galetta, Steven.
  • Agarwal S; Department of Neurology (S.A., A.L., K.M., S.G.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
  • Jain R; Department of Radiology (R.J., S.D., P.K., V.N.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
  • Dogra S; Department of Neurosurgery (R.J., A.L., K.M.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
  • Krieger P; Department of Radiology (R.J., S.D., P.K., V.N.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
  • Lewis A; Department of Radiology (R.J., S.D., P.K., V.N.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
  • Nguyen V; Department of Neurology (S.A., A.L., K.M., S.G.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
  • Melmed K; Department of Neurosurgery (R.J., A.L., K.M.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
  • Galetta S; Department of Radiology (R.J., S.D., P.K., V.N.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
Stroke ; 51(9): 2649-2655, 2020 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-695153
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND

PURPOSE:

We conducted this study to investigate the prevalence and distribution of cerebral microbleeds and leukoencephalopathy in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and correlate with clinical, laboratory, and functional outcomes.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective chart review of 4131 COVID-19 positive adult patients who were admitted to 3 tertiary care hospitals of an academic medical center at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City from March 1, 2020, to May 10, 2020, to identify patients who had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. We evaluated the MRIs in detail, and identified a subset of patients with leukoencephalopathy and/or cerebral microbleeds. We compared clinical, laboratory, and functional outcomes for these patients to patients who had a brain MRI that did not show these findings.

RESULTS:

Of 115 patients who had an MRI of the brain performed, 35 (30.4%) patients had leukoencephalopathy and/or cerebral microbleeds. Patients with leukoencephalopathy and/or cerebral microbleeds had neuroimaging performed later during the hospitalization course (27 versus 10.6 days; P<0.001), were clinically sicker at the time of brain MRI (median GCS 6 versus 14; P<0.001), and had higher peak D-dimer levels (8018±6677 versus 3183±3482; P<0.001), lower nadir platelet count (116.9±62.2 versus 158.3±76.2; P=0.03), higher peak international normalized ratio (2.2 versus 1.57; P<0.001) values when compared with patients who had a brain MRI that did not show these findings. They required longer ventilator support (34.6 versus 9.1 days; P<0.001) and were more likely to have moderate and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome score (88.6% versus 23.8%, P<0.001). These patients had longer hospitalizations (42.1 versus 20.9 days; P<0.001), overall worse functional status on discharge (mRS 5 versus 4; P=0.001), and higher mortality (20% versus 9%; P=0.144).

CONCLUSIONS:

The presence of leukoencephalopathy and/or cerebral microbleeds is associated with a critical illness, increased mortality, and worse functional outcome in patients with COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Cerebral Hemorrhage / Coronavirus Infections / Leukoencephalopathies Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: Stroke Year: 2020 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Cerebral Hemorrhage / Coronavirus Infections / Leukoencephalopathies Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: Stroke Year: 2020 Document Type: Article