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Druggable targets of SARS-CoV-2 and treatment opportunities for COVID-19.
Kumar, Banoth Karan; Sekhar, Kondapalli Venkata Gowri Chandra; Kunjiappan, Selvaraj; Jamalis, Joazaizulfazli; Balaña-Fouce, Rafael; Tekwani, Babu L; Sankaranarayanan, Murugesan.
  • Faheem; Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India.
  • Kumar BK; Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India.
  • Sekhar KVGC; Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, R.R. Dist., Hyderabad, 500078 Telangana, India.
  • Kunjiappan S; Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil 626126, TamilNadu, India.
  • Jamalis J; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia.
  • Balaña-Fouce R; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of León, 24071 León, Spain.
  • Tekwani BL; Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Drug Discovery, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
  • Sankaranarayanan M; Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India. Electronic address: murugesan@pilani.bits-pilani.ac.in.
Bioorg Chem ; 104: 104269, 2020 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-747220
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 has been declared a pandemic by the WHO is causing havoc across the entire world. As of May end, about 6 million people have been affected, and 367 166 have died from COVID-19. Recent studies suggest that the SARS-CoV-2 genome shares about 80% similarity with the SARS-CoV-1 while their protein RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) shares 96% sequence similarity. Remdesivir, an RdRp inhibitor, exhibited potent activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. 3-Chymotrypsin like protease (also known as Mpro) and papain-like protease, have emerged as the potential therapeutic targets for drug discovery against coronaviruses owing to their crucial role in viral entry and host-cell invasion. Crystal structures of therapeutically important SARS-CoV-2 target proteins, namely, RdRp, Mpro, endoribonuclease Nsp15/NendoU and receptor binding domain of CoV-2 spike protein has been resolved, which have facilitated the structure-based design and discovery of new inhibitors. Furthermore, studies have indicated that the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 use the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor for its attachment similar to SARS-CoV-1, which is followed by priming of spike protein by Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) which can be targeted by a proven inhibitor of TMPRSS2, camostat. The current treatment strategy includes repurposing of existing drugs that were found to be effective against other RNA viruses like SARS, MERS, and Ebola. This review presents a critical analysis of druggable targets of SARS CoV-2, new drug discovery, development, and treatment opportunities for COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antiviral Agents / Protease Inhibitors / Drug Discovery / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Observational study Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Bioorg Chem Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.bioorg.2020.104269

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antiviral Agents / Protease Inhibitors / Drug Discovery / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Observational study Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Bioorg Chem Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.bioorg.2020.104269