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An evidence-based systematic review on emerging therapeutic and preventive strategies to treat novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) during an outbreak scenario.
Gudadappanavar, Anupama M; Benni, Jyoti.
  • Gudadappanavar AM; Department of Pharmacology, J N Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and, Research (KAHER), Belagavi, Karnataka, India.
  • Benni J; Department of Pharmacology, J N Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and, Research (KAHER), Belagavi, Karnataka, India.
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol ; 31(6)2020 Sep 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-760724
ABSTRACT
A novel coronavirus infection coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged from Wuhan, Hubei Province of China, in December 2019 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is believed to be originated from bats in the local wet markets. Later, animal to human and human-to-human transmission of the virus began and resulting in widespread respiratory illness worldwide to around more than 180 countries. The World Health Organization declared this disease as a pandemic in March 2020. There is no clinically approved antiviral drug or vaccine available to be used against COVID-19. Nevertheless, few broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have been studied against COVID-19 in clinical trials with clinical recovery. In the current review, we summarize the morphology and pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection. A strong rational groundwork was made keeping the focus on current development of therapeutic agents and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Among the proposed therapeutic regimen, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, remdisevir, azithromycin, toclizumab and cromostat mesylate have shown promising results, and limited benefit was seen with lopinavir-ritonavir treatment in hospitalized adult patients with severe COVID-19. Early development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine started based on the full-length genome analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Several subunit vaccines, peptides, nucleic acids, plant-derived, recombinant vaccines are under pipeline. This article concludes and highlights ongoing advances in drug repurposing, therapeutics and vaccines to counter COVID-19, which collectively could enable efforts to halt the pandemic virus infection.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Evidence-Based Medicine / Pandemics Type of study: Prognostic study / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal subject: Pharmacology / Physiology Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jbcpp-2020-0113

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Evidence-Based Medicine / Pandemics Type of study: Prognostic study / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal subject: Pharmacology / Physiology Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jbcpp-2020-0113