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COVID-19: Review of a 21st Century Pandemic from Etiology to Neuro-psychiatric Implications.
Yamamoto, Vicky; Bolanos, Joe F; Fiallos, John; Strand, Susanne E; Morris, Kevin; Shahrokhinia, Sanam; Cushing, Tim R; Hopp, Lawrence; Tiwari, Ambooj; Hariri, Robert; Sokolov, Rick; Wheeler, Christopher; Kaushik, Ajeet; Elsayegh, Ashraf; Eliashiv, Dawn; Hedrick, Rebecca; Jafari, Behrouz; Johnson, J Patrick; Khorsandi, Mehran; Gonzalez, Nestor; Balakhani, Guita; Lahiri, Shouri; Ghavidel, Kazem; Amaya, Marco; Kloor, Harry; Hussain, Namath; Huang, Edmund; Cormier, Jason; Wesson Ashford, J; Wang, Jeffrey C; Yaghobian, Shadi; Khorrami, Payman; Shamloo, Bahman; Moon, Charles; Shadi, Payam; Kateb, Babak.
  • Yamamoto V; Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Bolanos JF; Brain Mapping Foundation (BMF), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Fiallos J; USC Keck School of Medicine, The USC Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Strand SE; USC-Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Morris K; Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Shahrokhinia S; Brain Mapping Foundation (BMF), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Cushing TR; Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Hopp L; Brain Mapping Foundation (BMF), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Tiwari A; Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Hariri R; Brain Mapping Foundation (BMF), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Sokolov R; Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Wheeler C; Brain Mapping Foundation (BMF), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Kaushik A; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Nutrition, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Elsayegh A; UCLA-Cedar-Sinai California Rehabilitation Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Eliashiv D; Cedars Sinai Medical Center Department of Ophthalmology and UCLA Jules Stein Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Hedrick R; Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Jafari B; New York University, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA.
  • Johnson JP; Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Khorsandi M; Celularity Corporation, Warren, NJ, USA.
  • Gonzalez N; Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, New York, NY, USA.
  • Balakhani G; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Infectious Disease Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Lahiri S; Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Ghavidel K; Brain Mapping Foundation (BMF), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Amaya M; T-NeuroPharma, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
  • Kloor H; NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Arts, and Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, USA.
  • Hussain N; Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Department of Pulmonology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Huang E; Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Cormier J; UCLA David Geffen, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Wesson Ashford J; Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Wang JC; University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
  • Yaghobian S; Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Spine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Khorrami P; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Shamloo B; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Moon C; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Shadi P; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Nephrology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Kateb B; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Alzheimers Dis ; 77(2): 459-504, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-760837
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 is a severe infectious disease that has claimed >150,000 lives and infected millions in the United States thus far, especially the elderly population. Emerging evidence has shown the virus to cause hemorrhagic and immunologic responses, which impact all organs, including lungs, kidneys, and the brain, as well as extremities. SARS-CoV-2 also affects patients', families', and society's mental health at large. There is growing evidence of re-infection in some patients. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of SARS-CoV-2-induced disease, its mechanism of infection, diagnostics, therapeutics, and treatment strategies, while also focusing on less attended aspects by previous studies, including nutritional support, psychological, and rehabilitation of the pandemic and its management. We performed a systematic review of >1,000 articles and included 425 references from online databases, including, PubMed, Google Scholar, and California Baptist University's library. COVID-19 patients go through acute respiratory distress syndrome, cytokine storm, acute hypercoagulable state, and autonomic dysfunction, which must be managed by a multidisciplinary team including nursing, nutrition, and rehabilitation. The elderly population and those who are suffering from Alzheimer's disease and dementia related illnesses seem to be at the higher risk. There are 28 vaccines under development, and new treatment strategies/protocols are being investigated. The future management for COVID-19 should include B-cell and T-cell immunotherapy in combination with emerging prophylaxis. The mental health and illness aspect of COVID-19 are among the most important side effects of this pandemic which requires a national plan for prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Pandemics Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Journal subject: Geriatrics / Neurology Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jad-200831

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Pandemics Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Journal subject: Geriatrics / Neurology Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jad-200831