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Immune response following infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses: A rapid review.
O Murchu, Eamon; Byrne, Paula; Walsh, Kieran A; Carty, Paul G; Connolly, Máire; De Gascun, Cillian; Jordan, Karen; Keoghan, Mary; O'Brien, Kirsty K; O'Neill, Michelle; Smith, Susan M; Teljeur, Conor; Ryan, Máirín; Harrington, Patricia.
  • O Murchu E; Health Technology Assessment Directorate, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin 7, Ireland.
  • Byrne P; The Centre for Health Policy and Management, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
  • Walsh KA; Health Technology Assessment Directorate, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin 7, Ireland.
  • Carty PG; Health Technology Assessment Directorate, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin 7, Ireland.
  • Connolly M; Health Technology Assessment Directorate, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin 7, Ireland.
  • De Gascun C; School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
  • Jordan K; UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
  • Keoghan M; Health Technology Assessment Directorate, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin 7, Ireland.
  • O'Brien KK; Department of Clinical Immunology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
  • O'Neill M; Health Technology Assessment Directorate, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin 7, Ireland.
  • Smith SM; Health Technology Assessment Directorate, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin 7, Ireland.
  • Teljeur C; Department of General Practice, Health Research Board Centre for Primary Care Research, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.
  • Ryan M; Health Technology Assessment Directorate, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin 7, Ireland.
  • Harrington P; Health Technology Assessment Directorate, Health Information and Quality Authority, Dublin 7, Ireland.
Rev Med Virol ; 31(2): e2162, 2021 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-784378
ABSTRACT
In this review, we systematically searched and summarized the evidence on the immune response and reinfection rate following SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also retrieved studies on SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV to assess the long-term duration of antibody responses. A protocol based on Cochrane rapid review methodology was adhered to and databases were searched from 1/1/2000 until 26/5/2020. Of 4744 citations retrieved, 102 studies met our inclusion criteria. Seventy-four studies were retrieved on SARS-CoV-2. While the rate and timing of IgM and IgG seroconversion were inconsistent across studies, most seroconverted for IgG within 2 weeks and 100% (N = 62) within 4 weeks. IgG was still detected at the end of follow-up (49-65 days) in all patients (N = 24). Neutralizing antibodies were detected in 92%-100% of patients (up to 53 days). It is not clear if reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 is possible, with studies more suggestive of intermittent detection of residual RNA. Twenty-five studies were retrieved on SARS-CoV. In general, SARS-CoV-specific IgG was maintained for 1-2 years post-infection and declined thereafter, although one study detected IgG up to 12 years post-infection. Neutralizing antibodies were detected up to 17 years in another study. Three studies on MERS-CoV reported that IgG may be detected up to 2 years. In conclusion, limited early data suggest that most patients seroconvert for SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG within 2 weeks. While the long-term duration of antibody responses is unknown, evidence from SARS-CoV studies suggest SARS-CoV-specific IgG is sustained for 1-2 years and declines thereafter.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus Infections / Coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Immunity Type of study: Cohort study / Prognostic study / Reviews Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Rev Med Virol Journal subject: Virology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Rmv.2162

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus Infections / Coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Immunity Type of study: Cohort study / Prognostic study / Reviews Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Rev Med Virol Journal subject: Virology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Rmv.2162