HLA and immunological features of SARS-CoV-2-induced Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Neurol Sci
; 41(12): 3391-3394, 2020 Dec.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-815976
ABSTRACT
We report the clinical and immunological features in a case of SARS-CoV-2-induced Guillain-Barré syndrome (Si-GBS), suggesting that (1) Si-GBS can develop even after paucisymptomatic COVID-19 infection; (2) a distinctive cytokine repertoire is associated with this autoimmune complication, with increased CSF concentration of IL-8, and moderately increased serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α; (3) a particular genetic predisposition can be relevant, since the patient carried several HLA alleles known to be associated with GBS, including distinctive class I (HLA-A33) and class II alleles (DRB1*0301 and DQB1*0501). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of GBS in which SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in the CSF, further strengthening the role of the virus as a trigger. In conclusion, our study suggests that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies need to be searched in the serum and CSF in patients with GBS living in endemic areas, even in the absence of a clinically severe COVID-19 infection, and that IL-8 pathway can be relevant in Si-GBS pathogenesis. Further studies are needed to conclude on the relevance of the genetic findings, but it is likely that HLA plays a role in this setting as in other autoimmune neurological syndromes, including those triggered by infections.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Pneumonia, Viral
/
Coronavirus Infections
/
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Type of study:
Case report
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
English
Journal:
Neurol Sci
Journal subject:
Neurology
Year:
2020
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S10072-020-04787-7
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