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Griffithsin Inhibits Nipah Virus Entry and Fusion and Can Protect Syrian Golden Hamsters From Lethal Nipah Virus Challenge.
Lo, Michael K; Spengler, Jessica R; Krumpe, Lauren R H; Welch, Stephen R; Chattopadhyay, Anasuya; Harmon, Jessica R; Coleman-McCray, JoAnn D; Scholte, Florine E M; Hotard, Anne L; Fuqua, Joshua L; Rose, John K; Nichol, Stuart T; Palmer, Kenneth E; O'Keefe, Barry R; Spiropoulou, Christina F.
  • Lo MK; Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Spengler JR; Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Krumpe LRH; Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
  • Welch SR; Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Chattopadhyay A; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
  • Harmon JR; Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Coleman-McCray JD; Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Scholte FEM; Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Hotard AL; Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Fuqua JL; Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
  • Rose JK; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
  • Nichol ST; Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Palmer KE; Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
  • O'Keefe BR; Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
  • Spiropoulou CF; Natural Products Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
J Infect Dis ; 221(Supplement_4): S480-S492, 2020 May 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-827906
ABSTRACT
Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes fatal encephalitis and respiratory disease in humans. There is currently no approved therapeutic for human use against NiV infection. Griffithsin (GRFT) is high-mannose oligosaccharide binding lectin that has shown in vivo broad-spectrum activity against viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, human immunodeficiency virus 1, hepatitis C virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro antiviral activities of GRFT and its synthetic trimeric tandemer (3mG) against NiV and other viruses from 4 virus families. The 3mG had comparatively greater potency than GRFT against NiV due to its enhanced ability to block NiV glycoprotein-induced syncytia formation. Our initial in vivo prophylactic evaluation of an oxidation-resistant GRFT (Q-GRFT) showed significant protection against lethal NiV challenge in Syrian golden hamsters. Our results warrant further development of Q-GRFT and 3mG as potential NiV therapeutics.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antiviral Agents / Plant Lectins / Nipah Virus / Henipavirus Infections / Virus Internalization Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Traditional medicine Limits: Animals / Female / Humans Language: English Journal: J Infect Dis Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Infdis

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antiviral Agents / Plant Lectins / Nipah Virus / Henipavirus Infections / Virus Internalization Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Traditional medicine Limits: Animals / Female / Humans Language: English Journal: J Infect Dis Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Infdis