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Symptoms and Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Among Children - Utah and Wisconsin, March-May 2020.
Laws, Rebecca L; Chancey, Rebecca J; Rabold, Elizabeth M; Chu, Victoria T; Lewis, Nathaniel M; Fajans, Mark; Reses, Hannah E; Duca, Lindsey M; Dawson, Patrick; Conners, Erin E; Gharpure, Radhika; Yin, Sherry; Buono, Sean; Pomeroy, Mary; Yousaf, Anna R; Owusu, Daniel; Wadhwa, Ashutosh; Pevzner, Eric; Battey, Katherine A; Njuguna, Henry; Fields, Victoria L; Salvatore, Phillip; O'Hegarty, Michelle; Vuong, Jeni; Gregory, Christopher J; Banks, Michelle; Rispens, Jared; Dietrich, Elizabeth; Marcenac, Perrine; Matanock, Almea; Pray, Ian; Westergaard, Ryan; Dasu, Trivikram; Bhattacharyya, Sanjib; Christiansen, Ann; Page, Lindsey; Dunn, Angela; Atkinson-Dunn, Robyn; Christensen, Kim; Kiphibane, Tair; Willardson, Sarah; Fox, Garrett; Ye, Dongni; Nabity, Scott A; Binder, Alison; Freeman, Brandi D; Lester, Sandra; Mills, Lisa; Thornburg, Natalie; Hall, Aron J.
  • Laws RL; COVID-19 Response Team, lxq2@cdc.gov.
  • Chancey RJ; Contributed equally as co-first authors.
  • Rabold EM; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Chu VT; Contributed equally as co-first authors.
  • Lewis NM; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Fajans M; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Reses HE; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Duca LM; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Dawson P; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Conners EE; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Gharpure R; Utah Department of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  • Yin S; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Buono S; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Pomeroy M; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Yousaf AR; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Owusu D; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Wadhwa A; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Pevzner E; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Battey KA; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Njuguna H; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Fields VL; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Salvatore P; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • O'Hegarty M; Laboratory Leadership Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
  • Vuong J; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Gregory CJ; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Banks M; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Rispens J; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Dietrich E; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Marcenac P; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Matanock A; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Pray I; Laboratory Leadership Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
  • Westergaard R; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Dasu T; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Bhattacharyya S; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Christiansen A; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Page L; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Dunn A; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Atkinson-Dunn R; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Christensen K; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Kiphibane T; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Willardson S; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Fox G; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Ye D; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Nabity SA; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Binder A; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Freeman BD; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Lester S; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
  • Mills L; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Thornburg N; COVID-19 Response Team.
  • Hall AJ; Epidemic Intelligence Service, and.
Pediatrics ; 147(1)2021 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-839914
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND

OBJECTIVES:

Limited data exist on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in children. We described infection rates and symptom profiles among pediatric household contacts of individuals with coronavirus disease 2019.

METHODS:

We enrolled individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 and their household contacts, assessed daily symptoms prospectively for 14 days, and obtained specimens for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and serology testing. Among pediatric contacts (<18 years), we described transmission, assessed the risk factors for infection, and calculated symptom positive and negative predictive values. We compared secondary infection rates and symptoms between pediatric and adult contacts using generalized estimating equations.

RESULTS:

Among 58 households, 188 contacts were enrolled (120 adults; 68 children). Secondary infection rates for adults (30%) and children (28%) were similar. Among households with potential for transmission from children, child-to-adult transmission may have occurred in 2 of 10 (20%), and child-to-child transmission may have occurred in 1 of 6 (17%). Pediatric case patients most commonly reported headache (79%), sore throat (68%), and rhinorrhea (68%); symptoms had low positive predictive values, except measured fever (100%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 44% to 100%). Compared with symptomatic adults, children were less likely to report cough (odds ratio [OR] 0.15; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.57), loss of taste (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.74), and loss of smell (OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.09 to 0.96) and more likely to report sore throat (OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.04 to 11.18).

CONCLUSIONS:

Children and adults had similar secondary infection rates, but children generally had less frequent and severe symptoms. In two states early in the pandemic, we observed possible transmission from children in approximately one-fifth of households with potential to observe such transmission patterns.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article