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Potential application of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes in lung injury: an emerging therapeutic option for COVID-19 patients.
Al-Khawaga, Sara; Abdelalim, Essam M.
  • Al-Khawaga S; Dermatology Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
  • Abdelalim EM; Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
Stem Cell Res Ther ; 11(1): 437, 2020 10 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-864994
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the global public health and the international economy; therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective therapy to treat COVID-19 patients. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as an emerging therapeutic option for the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recently, numerous clinical trials have been registered to examine the safety and efficacy of different types of MSCs and their exosomes for treating COVID-19 patients, with less published data on the mechanism of action. Although there is no approved effective therapy for COVID-19 as of yet, MSC therapies showed an improvement in the treatment of some COVID-19 patients. MSC's therapeutic effect is displayed in their ability to reduce the cytokine storm, enhance alveolar fluid clearance, and promote epithelial and endothelial recovery; however, the safest and most effective route of MSC delivery remains unclear. The use of poorly characterized MSC products remains one of the most significant drawbacks of MSC-based therapy, which could theoretically promote the risk for thromboembolism. Optimizing the clinical-grade production of MSCs and establishing a consensus on registered clinical trials based on cell-product characterization and mode of delivery would aid in laying the foundation for a safe and effective therapy in COVID-19. In this review, we shed light on the mechanistic view of MSC therapeutic role based on preclinical and clinical studies on acute lung injury and ARDS; therefore, offering a unique correlation and applicability in COVID-19 patients. We further highlight the challenges and opportunities in the use of MSC-based therapy.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Exosomes / Acute Lung Injury / Cytokine Release Syndrome Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Stem Cell Res Ther Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S13287-020-01963-6

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Exosomes / Acute Lung Injury / Cytokine Release Syndrome Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Stem Cell Res Ther Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S13287-020-01963-6