[COVID-19-related Cerebrovascular Disease and Vasculitis].

ABSTRACT

Cerebrovascular disease and vasculitis-related diseases have been reported as systemic complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A proposed underlying mechanism is that SARS-CoV-2 infects vascular endothelial cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and causes inflammation. Cerebrovascular disease and vasculitis are often observed in severe COVID-19 cases, and they may be associated with critical systemic conditions, such as the cytokine storm and thrombotic tendencies. Several other mechanisms have been proposed, and diverse pathological conditions may be associated with COVID-19-related cerebrovascular disease and vasculitis. Clarifying the pathophysiology and establishing a better therapeutic regimen will facilitate favorable outcomes.