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Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Concomitant with COVID 19: A Case Report.
Ali, Elrazi; Badawi, Mohamed; Abdelmahmuod, Elabbass; Kohla, Samah; Yassin, Mohamed A.
  • Ali E; Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
  • Badawi M; Department of Infectious Disease Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
  • Abdelmahmuod E; Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
  • Kohla S; Department of Pathology, Hematology Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
  • Yassin MA; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Am J Case Rep ; 21: e926062, 2020 Oct 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-887700
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a newly emerging disease that is not yet fully understood. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel virus that is easily transmitted from human to human through the respiratory route. Usually, it presents with fever, headache, fatigue accompanied by respiratory symptoms like cough and dyspnea, and other systemic involvements. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common lymphoproliferative neoplasm characterized by absolute lymphocytosis and demonstration of clonality unlike other causes of lymphocytosis. Patients with CLL are considered immunocompromised because of impaired humoral immunity (mainly) and cellular immunity. Therefore, they are vulnerable to various infections including COVID-19. Little is known about the COVID-19 infection when it unmasks CLL. CASE REPORT A 49-year-old man with no significant previous illnesses, and an unremarkable family history, presented with a moderate COVID-19 infection. He initially presented to the emergency department with fever and mild shortness of breath. A complete blood count showed a high white blood cell count with absolute lymphocytosis. Flow cytometry revealed the clonality of the lymphocytes confirming the diagnosis of CLL. Despite having CLL, he developed a moderate COVID-19 infection and recovered in a few days. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CLL, which presented with a COVID-19 infection as the initial presentation. CONCLUSIONS Lymphocytosis is an unexpected finding in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection and the elevated lymphocytes may be indicative of other conditions. Secondary causes of lymphocytosis like malignancy or other infections should be considered in these cases.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Immunocompromised Host / Coronavirus Infections / Betacoronavirus Type of study: Case report / Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: Am J Case Rep Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ajcr.926062

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Immunocompromised Host / Coronavirus Infections / Betacoronavirus Type of study: Case report / Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: Am J Case Rep Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ajcr.926062