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HSV-1 and Zika Virus but Not SARS-CoV-2 Replicate in the Human Cornea and Are Restricted by Corneal Type III Interferon.
Miner, Jonathan J; Platt, Derek J; Ghaznavi, Cyrus M; Chandra, Pallavi; Santeford, Andrea; Menos, Amber M; Dong, Zhenyu; Wang, Erin R; Qian, Wei; Karozichian, Elysse S; Philips, Jennifer A; Apte, Rajendra S.
  • Miner JJ; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110,
  • Platt DJ; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Ghaznavi CM; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Chandra P; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Santeford A; Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Menos AM; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Dong Z; Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Wang ER; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Qian W; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Karozichian ES; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Philips JA; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
  • Apte RS; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electr
Cell Rep ; 33(5): 108339, 2020 11 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-898565
ABSTRACT
Here, we report our studies of immune-mediated regulation of Zika virus (ZIKV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the human cornea. We find that ZIKV can be transmitted via corneal transplantation in mice. However, in human corneal explants, we report that ZIKV does not replicate efficiently and that SARS-CoV-2 does not replicate at all. Additionally, we demonstrate that type III interferon (IFN-λ) and its receptor (IFNλR1) are expressed in the corneal epithelium. Treatment of human corneal explants with IFN-λ, and treatment of mice with IFN-λ eye drops, upregulates antiviral interferon-stimulated genes. In human corneal explants, blockade of IFNλR1 enhances replication of ZIKV and HSV-1 but not SARS-CoV-2. In addition to an antiviral role for IFNλR1 in the cornea, our results suggest that the human cornea does not support SARS-CoV-2 infection despite expression of ACE2, a SARS-CoV-2 receptor, in the human corneal epithelium.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Interferons / Herpesvirus 1, Human / Coronavirus Infections / Cornea / Zika Virus / Betacoronavirus Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Cell Rep Year: 2020 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Interferons / Herpesvirus 1, Human / Coronavirus Infections / Cornea / Zika Virus / Betacoronavirus Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Cell Rep Year: 2020 Document Type: Article