Takotsubo Syndrome: Finally Emerging From the Shadows?
Heart Lung Circ
; 30(1): 36-44, 2021 Jan.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-912219
ABSTRACT
It is now 30 years since Japanese investigators first described Takotsubo Syndrome (TTS) as a disorder occurring mainly in ageing women, ascribing it to the impact of multivessel coronary artery spasm. During the intervening period, it has become clear that TTS involves relatively transient vascular injury, followed by prolonged myocardial inflammatory and eventually fibrotic changes. Hence symptomatic recovery is generally slow, currently an under-recognised issue. It appears that TTS is induced by aberrant post-ß2-adrenoceptor signalling in the setting of "surge" release of catecholamines. Resultant activation of nitric oxide synthases and increased inflammatory vascular permeation lead to prolonged myocardial infiltration with macrophages and associated oedema formation. Initially, the diagnosis of TTS was made via exclusion of relevant coronary artery stenoses, plus the presence of regional left ventricular hypokinesis. However, detection of extensive myocardial oedema on cardiac MRI imaging offers a specific basis for diagnosis. No adequate methods are yet available for definitive diagnosis of TTS at hospital presentation. Other major challenges remaining in this area include understanding of the recently demonstrated association between TTS and antecedent cancer, the development of effective treatments to reduce risk of short-term (generally due to shock) and long-term mortality, and also to accelerate symptomatic recovery.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Ventricular Function, Left
/
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine
/
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
/
Heart Ventricles
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Heart Lung Circ
Journal subject:
Vascular Diseases
/
Cardiology
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.hlc.2020.10.006
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