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Epidemiological determinants of COVID-19 infection and mortality: A study among patients presenting with severe acute respiratory illness during the pandemic in Bihar, India.
Agarwal, Neeraj; Biswas, Bijit; Lohani, Pallavi.
  • Agarwal N; Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
  • Biswas B; Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
  • Lohani P; Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
Niger Postgrad Med J ; 27(4): 293-301, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-914657
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

The study was designed to explore epidemiological characteristics, determinants of COVID-19 infection development and mortality of patients presenting with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) to a tertiary care health facility of Bihar.

METHODS:

This was an observational record-based study, longitudinal in design. Data of 281 SARI patients who have attended All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India during 25th April 2020, till 12th July 2020 (16 weeks) were used for the study.

RESULTS:

Out of 281 study participants, 95 (33.8%) were detected to have COVID-19 and 42 (14.9%) died. Among COVID-positive study subject's death rate was 28.4%. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis; increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.02 [1.00-1.03]), gender (males) (AOR = 2.51 [1.27-4.96]), presenting symptom (cough) (AOR = 2.88 [1.46-5.70]), co-morbidity (hypothyroidism) (AOR = 4.59 [1.45-14.56]) and delay between symptom onset and admission (>2 days) (AOR = 2.46 [1.19-5.07]) were significant predictors of COVID-19 infection among study participants adjusted with other co-morbidities (diabetes and hypertension). Similarly, place of residence (outside Patna district) (AOR = 2.38 [1.03-5.50]), co-morbidity (diabetes) (AOR = 3.08 [1.12-8.50]), intensive care unit (ICU) requirement at admission (yes) (AOR = 9.47 [3.98-22.52]) and COVID status (positive) (AOR = 6.33 [2.68-14.96]) were significant predictors of death among the study participants whereas place of residence (outside Patna district) (AOR = 4.04 [1.33-12.28]) and ICU requirement at admission (yes) (AOR = 7.22 [2.54-20.52]) were attributes affecting death of COVID-positive study participants.

CONCLUSION:

Risk of COVID-19 infection among the study participants was high. Age, gender and co-morbidities increased the risk of infection. COVID-19 infection negatively impacted the treatment outcome of the study participants. Age, co-morbidity and ICU requirement were the other attributes affecting mortality.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Niger Postgrad Med J Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Npmj.npmj_301_20

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Niger Postgrad Med J Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Npmj.npmj_301_20