Pharmacotherapy of COVID-19: A Perspective of Pathogenicity and Life Cycle

ABSTRACT

The world has witnessed COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 as one of the most hazardous viral outbreak in the history of mankind. Since its emergence in December 2019,it has been affecting the global health with no reported pharmacotherapeutic agent that can neutralize its substantial pathogenicity and escalation around the world. This is attributed to its remarkable molecular pathways followed in course of its life cycle, which is completed in and around the host cell. With the usage of these evolved mechanisms, the virus can effectively invade and replicate in the host cell. The complete analysis of life cycle has resulted in reporting of some molecular targets, which can be neutralised with the usage of pharmacotherapeutic agents. These agents tend to bind to their targets to inactivate them. This review focusses on those targets as well as the potent drugs that currently have been employed to reduce the viral load, in the perspective of its life cycle and pathogenicity. Alongside the drugs that are currently being used, we also report potent drugs that are yet to clear the clinical investigation.