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COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management.
Lim, Soo; Bae, Jae Hyun; Kwon, Hyuk-Sang; Nauck, Michael A.
  • Lim S; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea. limsoo@snu.ac.kr.
  • Bae JH; Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
  • Kwon HS; Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
  • Nauck MA; Diabetes Division, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, St Josef-Hospital (Ruhr-Universität Bochum), Bochum, Germany. michael.nauck@rub.de.
Nat Rev Endocrinol ; 17(1): 11-30, 2021 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-926817
ABSTRACT
Initial studies found increased severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in patients with diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, COVID-19 might also predispose infected individuals to hyperglycaemia. Interacting with other risk factors, hyperglycaemia might modulate immune and inflammatory responses, thus predisposing patients to severe COVID-19 and possible lethal outcomes. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), is the main entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2; although dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) might also act as a binding target. Preliminary data, however, do not suggest a notable effect of glucose-lowering DPP4 inhibitors on SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility. Owing to their pharmacological characteristics, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors might cause adverse effects in patients with COVID-19 and so cannot be recommended. Currently, insulin should be the main approach to the control of acute glycaemia. Most available evidence does not distinguish between the major types of diabetes mellitus and is related to type 2 diabetes mellitus owing to its high prevalence. However, some limited evidence is now available on type 1 diabetes mellitus and COVID-19. Most of these conclusions are preliminary, and further investigation of the optimal management in patients with diabetes mellitus is warranted.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / COVID-19 / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Nat Rev Endocrinol Journal subject: Endocrinology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41574-020-00435-4

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / COVID-19 / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Nat Rev Endocrinol Journal subject: Endocrinology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41574-020-00435-4