Human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 replicate and induce distinct antiviral responses in differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
; 319(6): L926-L931, 2020 12 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-951850
ABSTRACT
The recurrent emergence of novel, pathogenic coronaviruses (CoVs) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1; 2002), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV (2012), and most recently SARS-CoV-2 (2019) has highlighted the need for physiologically informative airway epithelial cell infection models for studying immunity to CoVs and development of antiviral therapies. To address this, we developed an in vitro infection model for two human coronaviruses; alphacoronavirus 229E-CoV (229E) and betacoronavirus OC43-CoV (OC43) in differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells (pBECs). Primary BECs from healthy subjects were grown at air-liquid interface (ALI) and infected with 229E or OC43, and replication kinetics and time-course expression of innate immune mediators were assessed. OC43 and 229E-CoVs replicated in differentiated pBECs but displayed distinct replication kinetics 229E replicated rapidly with viral load peaking at 24 h postinfection, while OC43 replication was slower peaking at 96 h after infection. This was associated with diverse antiviral response profiles defined by increased expression of type I/III interferons and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) by 229E compared with no innate immune activation with OC43 infection. Understanding the host-virus interaction for previously established coronaviruses will give insight into pathogenic mechanisms underpinning SARS-CoV-2-induced respiratory disease and other future coronaviruses that may arise from zoonotic sources.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Antiviral Agents
/
Virus Replication
/
Bronchi
/
Coronavirus Infections
/
Coronavirus 229E, Human
/
Epithelial Cells
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
Journal subject:
Molecular Biology
/
Physiology
Year:
2020
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Ajplung.00374.2020
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