COVID-19, microthromboses, inflammation, and platelet activating factor.
Biofactors
; 46(6): 927-933, 2020 Nov.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-966303
ABSTRACT
Recent articles report elevated markers of coagulation, endothelial injury, and microthromboses in lungs from deceased COVID-19 patients. However, there has been no discussion of what may induce intravascular coagulation. Platelets are critical in the formation of thrombi and their most potent trigger is platelet activating factor (PAF), first characterized by Demopoulos and colleagues in 1979. PAF is produced by cells involved in host defense and its biological actions bear similarities with COVID-19 disease manifestations. PAF can also stimulate perivascular mast cell activation, leading to inflammation implicated in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Mast cells are plentiful in the lungs and are a rich source of PAF and of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1ß and IL-6, which may contribute to COVID-19 and especially SARS. The histamine-1 receptor antagonist rupatadine was developed to have anti-PAF activity, and also inhibits activation of human mast cells in response to PAF. Rupatadine could be repurposed for COVID-19 prophylaxis alone or together with other PAF-inhibitors of natural origin such as the flavonoids quercetin and luteolin, which have antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-PAF actions.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Pulmonary Embolism
/
Platelet Activating Factor
/
Cyproheptadine
/
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
/
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Language:
English
Journal:
Biofactors
Journal subject:
Biochemistry
Year:
2020
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Biof.1696
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