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SARS-CoV-2 replicates in respiratory ex vivo organ cultures of domestic ruminant species.
Di Teodoro, Giovanni; Valleriani, Fabrizia; Puglia, Ilaria; Monaco, Federica; Di Pancrazio, Chiara; Luciani, Mirella; Krasteva, Ivanka; Petrini, Antonio; Marcacci, Maurilia; D'Alterio, Nicola; Curini, Valentina; Iorio, Mariangela; Migliorati, Giacomo; Di Domenico, Marco; Morelli, Daniela; Calistri, Paolo; Savini, Giovanni; Decaro, Nicola; Holmes, Edward C; Lorusso, Alessio.
  • Di Teodoro G; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Valleriani F; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Puglia I; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Monaco F; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Di Pancrazio C; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Luciani M; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Krasteva I; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Petrini A; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Marcacci M; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
  • D'Alterio N; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Curini V; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Iorio M; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Migliorati G; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Di Domenico M; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Morelli D; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Calistri P; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Savini G; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy.
  • Decaro N; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
  • Holmes EC; Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
  • Lorusso A; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e Molise, Teramo, Italy. Electronic address: a.lorusso@izs.it.
Vet Microbiol ; 252: 108933, 2021 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-966338
ABSTRACT
There is strong evidence that severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, originated from an animal reservoir. However, the exact mechanisms of emergence, the host species involved, and the risk to domestic and agricultural animals are largely unknown. Some domestic animal species, including cats, ferrets, and minks, have been demonstrated to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, while others, such as pigs and chickens, are not. Importantly, the susceptibility of ruminants to SARS-CoV-2 is unknown, even though they often live in close proximity to humans. We investigated the replication and tissue tropism of two different SARS-CoV-2 isolates in the respiratory tract of three farm animal species - cattle, sheep, and pigs - using respiratory ex vivo organ cultures (EVOCs). We demonstrate that the respiratory tissues of cattle and sheep, but not of pigs, sustain viral replication in vitro of both isolates and that SARS-CoV-2 is associated to ACE2-expressing cells of the respiratory tract of both ruminant species. Intriguingly, a SARS-CoV-2 isolate containing an amino acid substitution at site 614 of the spike protein (mutation D614G) replicated at higher magnitude in ex vivo tissues of both ruminant species, supporting previous results obtained using human cells. These results suggest that additional in vivo experiments involving several ruminant species are warranted to determine their potential role in the epidemiology of this virus.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Organ Culture Techniques / Respiratory System / Virus Replication / Ruminants / Viral Tropism / SARS-CoV-2 Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Vet Microbiol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.vetmic.2020.108933

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Organ Culture Techniques / Respiratory System / Virus Replication / Ruminants / Viral Tropism / SARS-CoV-2 Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Vet Microbiol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.vetmic.2020.108933