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Understanding the dynamics of COVID-19; implications for therapeutic intervention, vaccine development and movement control.
Salvamani, S; Tan, H Z; Thang, W J; Ter, H C; Wan, M S; Gunasekaran, B; Rhodes, A.
  • Salvamani S; Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Tan HZ; Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Thang WJ; Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Ter HC; Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Wan MS; Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Gunasekaran B; Dept of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Rhodes A; Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Br J Biomed Sci ; 77(4): 168-184, 2020 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-975140
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is highly infective within the human population. The virus is widely disseminated to almost every continent with over twenty-seven million infections and over ninety-thousand reported deaths attributed to COVID-19 disease. SARS-CoV-2 is a single stranded RNA virus, comprising three main viral proteins; membrane, spike and envelope. The clinical features of COVID-19 disease can be classified according to different degrees of severity, with some patients progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can be fatal. In addition, many infections are asymptomatic or only cause mild symptoms. As there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 there is considerable endeavour to raise a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, in addition to engineering neutralizing antibody interventions. In the absence of an effective vaccine, movement controls of varying stringencies have been imposed. Whilst enforced lockdown measures have been effective, they may be less effective against the current strain of SARS-CoV-2, the G614 clade. Conversely, other mutations of the virus, such as the Δ382 variant could reduce the clinical relevance of infection. The front runners in the race to develop an effective vaccine focus on the SARS-Co-V-2 Spike protein. However, vaccines that produce a T-cell response to a wider range of SARS-Co-V-2 viral proteins, may be more effective. Population based studies that determine the level of innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2, from prior exposure to the virus or to other coronaviruses, will have important implications for government imposed movement control and the strategic delivery of vaccination programmes.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pandemics / COVID-19 Vaccines / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Br J Biomed Sci Journal subject: Biology / Laboratory Techniques and procedures Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 09674845.2020.1826136

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pandemics / COVID-19 Vaccines / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Br J Biomed Sci Journal subject: Biology / Laboratory Techniques and procedures Year: 2020 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 09674845.2020.1826136