Immunological features in Covid-19 patients at admissionand clinical outcome: What can we expect?

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim of the study The unexpected COVID-19pandemic began in December 2019 in Wuhan and rapidly spreadworldwide, continues to challenge the medical community. The understanding of host characteristics at presentation could lead theway towards a better management. We analyzed data collectedform a cohort of patients admitted for Sars-CoV-2 infection to evaluate the determinants of disease severity.Materials and Methods: Data were collected retrospectively frommedical records of patients admitted at F. Miulli General HospitalCOVID department from February to May 2020. CD3, CD4, CD8,CD19, CD56, WBC, lymphocytes on admission were analyzed inrespect of on the basis of outcomes and need for resuscitation or not. A descriptive analysis was performed (t-test for continuousdata with normal distribution).Results: We studied 127 patients, 80 M, 47 F, mean age 66±15years. A statistically significant higher in CD3 (p <0.01-0.01), CD4(p<0.01-0.04), CD8 (p <0.01-0.0.05) and lower in lymphocytescount (p <0.01-0.001) decrease was observed in patients withfatal outcome and in ones who need for resuscitation (in bracketsthe respective p values). WBC counts only show a significant reduction in the recovery analysis (p<0.01-0.11).Conclusions: Our results confirm that a different immunologic profile can predict the clinical course of the disease. These evidencescould help to assess an individualize therapeutic management ofCOVID19 patients.