Cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection: The spectrum of its neurological manifestations.
Cytokine
; 138: 155404, 2021 02.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-996816
ABSTRACT
The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can trigger a hyperinflammatory state characterized by elevated cytokine levels known as hypercytokinemia or cytokine storm, observed most often in severe patients. Though COVID-19 is known to be a primarily respiratory disease, neurological complications affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems have also been reported. This review discusses potential routes of SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion and pathogenesis, summarizes reported neurological sequelae of COVID-19, and examines how aberrant cytokine levels may precipitate these complications. Clarification of the pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 is needed to encourage prompt diagnosis and optimized care. In particular, identifying the presence of cytokine storm in patients with neurological COVID-19 manifestations will facilitate avenues for treatment. Future investigations into aberrant cytokine levels in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms as well as the efficacy of cytokine storm-targeting treatments will be critical in elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms and effective treatments of COVID-19.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Cerebrovascular Disorders
/
Cytokines
/
Cytokine Release Syndrome
/
COVID-19
/
Nervous System Diseases
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Cytokine
Journal subject:
Allergy and Immunology
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.cyto.2020.155404
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