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Infection of primary nasal epithelial cells differentiates among lethal and seasonal human coronaviruses (preprint)
biorxiv; 2022.
Preprint
in English
| bioRxiv | ID: ppzbmed-10.1101.2022.10.17.512617
ABSTRACT
The nasal epithelium is the initial entry portal and primary barrier to infection by all human coronaviruses (HCoVs). We utilize primary nasal epithelial cells grown at air-liquid interface, which recapitulate the heterogeneous cellular population as well as mucociliary clearance functions of the in vivo nasal epithelium, to compare lethal (SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV) and seasonal (HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E) HCoVs. All four HCoVs replicate productively in nasal cultures but diverge significantly in terms of cytotoxicity induced following infection, as the seasonal HCoVs as well as SARS-CoV-2 cause cellular cytotoxicity as well as epithelial barrier disruption, while MERS-CoV does not. Treatment of nasal cultures with type 2 cytokine IL-13 to mimic asthmatic airways differentially impacts HCoV replication, enhancing MERS-CoV replication but reducing that of SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63. This study highlights diversity among HCoVs during infection of the nasal epithelium, which is likely to influence downstream infection outcomes such as disease severity and transmissibility.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Preprints
Database:
bioRxiv
Main subject:
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Language:
English
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Preprint
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