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Soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a prognostic biomarker for disease progression in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 (preprint)
medrxiv; 2021.
Preprint
in English
| medRxiv | ID: ppzbmed-10.1101.2021.10.13.21264901
ABSTRACT
Background:
There is a need for better prediction of disease severity in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (sACE2) arises from shedding of membrane ACE2 (mACE2) that is known to be a receptor for the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2; however, its value as a biomarker for disease severity is unknown. This study evaluated the predictive value of sACE2 in the context of other known biomarkers of inflammation and tissue damage (C-reactive protein [CRP], growth/differentiation factor-15 [GDF-15], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 [sFlt-1]) in patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 with different clinical outcomes.Methods:
For univariate analyses, median differences between biomarker levels were calculated for the following patient groups classified according to clinicaloutcome:
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive (Groups 1 - 4); RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 negative following previous SARS-CoV-2 infection (Groups 5 and 6); and RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 negative controls (Group 7).Results:
Median levels of CRP, GDF-15, IL-6, and sFlt-1 were significantly higher in patients with SARS-CoV-2 who were admitted to hospital compared with patients who were discharged (all p<0.001), whereas levels of sACE2 were significantly lower (p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of sACE2 provided cut-offs for the prediction of hospital admission of [≤]0.05 ng/mL (positive predictive value 89.1%) and [≥]0.42 ng/mL (negative predictive value 84.0%).Conclusion:
These findings support further investigation of sACE2, either as a single biomarker or as part of a panel, to predict hospitalisation risk and disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Preprints
Database:
medRxiv
Main subject:
Coronavirus Infections
/
COVID-19
/
Inflammation
Language:
English
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Preprint
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