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Rapid recall and de novo T cell responses during SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection (preprint)
biorxiv; 2022.
Preprint
in English
| bioRxiv | ID: ppzbmed-10.1101.2022.12.19.521129
ABSTRACT
While the protective role of neutralising antibodies against COVID-19 is well-established, questions remain about the relative importance of cellular immunity. Using 6 pMHC-multimers in a cohort with early and frequent sampling we define the phenotype and kinetics of recalled and primary T cell responses following Delta or Omicron breakthrough infection. Recall of spike-specific CD4+ T cells was rapid, with cellular proliferation and extensive activation evident as early as 1 day post-symptom onset. Similarly, spike-specific CD8+ T cells were rapidly activated but showed variable levels of expansion. Strikingly, high levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cell activation at baseline and peak were strongly correlated with reduced peak SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in nasal swabs and accelerated clearance of virus. Our study demonstrates rapid and extensive recall of memory T cell populations occurs early after breakthrough infection and suggests that CD8+ T cells contribute to the control of viral replication in breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Preprints
Database:
bioRxiv
Main subject:
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
/
Breakthrough Pain
/
COVID-19
/
Memory Disorders
Language:
English
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Preprint
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