This article is a Preprint
Preprints are preliminary research reports that have not been certified by peer review. They should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Preprints posted online allow authors to receive rapid feedback and the entire scientific community can appraise the work for themselves and respond appropriately. Those comments are posted alongside the preprints for anyone to read them and serve as a post publication assessment.
An evolutionarily conserved strategy for ribosome binding and inhibition by β-coronavirus non-structural protein 1 (preprint)
biorxiv; 2023.
Preprint
in English
| bioRxiv | ID: ppzbmed-10.1101.2023.06.07.544141
ABSTRACT
An important pathogenicity factor of SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses is Nsp1, which suppresses host gene expression and stunts antiviral signaling. SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 binds the ribosome to inhibit translation through mRNA displacement and induces degradation of host mRNAs through an unknown mechanism. Here we show that Nsp1-dependent host shutoff is conserved in diverse coronaviruses, but only Nsp1 from beta-CoV inhibits translation through ribosome binding. The C-terminal domain of all beta-CoV Nsp1s confers high-affinity ribosome-binding despite low sequence conservation. Modeling of interactions of four Nsp1s to the ribosome identified few absolutely conserved amino acids that, together with an overall conservation in surface charge, form the beta-CoV Nsp1 ribosome-binding domain. Contrary to previous models, the Nsp1 ribosome-binding domain is an inefficient translation inhibitor. Instead, the Nsp1-CTD likely functions by recruiting Nsp1's N-terminal effector domain. Finally, we show that a viral cis-acting RNA element has co-evolved to fine-tune SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 function, but does not provide similar protection against Nsp1 from related viruses. Together, our work provides new insight into the diversity and conservation of ribosome-dependent host-shutoff functions of Nsp1, knowledge that could aide future efforts in pharmacological targeting of Nsp1 from SARS-CoV-2, but also related human-pathogenic beta-coronaviruses. Our study also exemplifies how comparing highly divergent Nsp1 variants can help to dissect the different modalities of this multi-functional viral protein.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Preprints
Database:
bioRxiv
Language:
English
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Preprint
Similar
MEDLINE
...
LILACS
LIS