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The role of vitamin D as a preventive strategy in COVID-19 infections: evidence from South Asia (preprint)
researchsquare; 2024.
Preprint
in English
| PREPRINT-RESEARCHSQUARE | ID: ppzbmed-10.21203.rs.3.rs-3964082.v1
ABSTRACT
Background Regional evidence on prevention of COVID-19 and its sequalae by vitamin D remains inconclusive and sparse.Aim/Objective This study aimed to determine the association between COVID-19 and Vitamin D deficiency among adults in Colombo District, Sri Lanka.Methods A sex-matched case-control study was conducted among 104 RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients and 104 RT-PCR negative adults recruited from community. Non-fasting blood samples were analysed for serum 25(OH)D using chemiluminescence assay and vitamin D deficiency identified (< 50.0nmol/L).Results Cases (34.2; SD = 15.4nmol/L) had significantly lower 25(OH)D compared to controls (39.8; SD = 17.8nmol/L) (p = 0.02) which persisted after adjustments (p = 0.02), along with Sinhalese ethnicity (p < 0.001). VDD was significantly more prevalent in cases (83.7% vs. 71.2%; crude odds ratio (OR) = 2.1; 95%-CI1.1,4.1), although not an independent COVID-19 predictor (adjusted OR = 1.9; 95%-CI0.6,5.7). A significantly lower 25(OH)D level was observed in moderate/severe cases (39.7; SD = 12.3nmol/L) vs mild (32.9; SD = 15.8nmol/L) (p = 0.015). Neither low serum concentrations nor deficiency showed an independent relationship with severity (p > 0.05). Diabetes was the sole predictor of COVID-19 severity (p = 0.022).Conclusions Vitamin D has potential as a cost-effective primary, but not secondary, preventive strategy.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Preprints
Database:
PREPRINT-RESEARCHSQUARE
Main subject:
Hepatitis D
/
Diabetes Mellitus
/
COVID-19
Language:
English
Year:
2024
Document Type:
Preprint
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