Non-Muscle Myosin ⅡA (NM-ⅡA) Boosts PEDV Infection Through its Interaction with the Viral S Protein (preprint)

ABSTRACT

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a serious coronavirus that has caused huge economic losses to the swine industry. Understanding the host factors and their interactions with PEDV is crucial for revealing the pathogenicity of PEDV. This study provided robust evidence that PEDV utilized non-muscle myosin IIA (NM-ⅡA) as an essential host factor to facilitate its infection. The expression of NM-ⅡA was found to be significantly up-regulated by PEDV infection in vitro and in vivo. Intriguingly, suppressing NM-ⅡA activity or expression inhibited PEDV proliferation, while overexpressing NM-ⅡA or even its tail domain had the opposite action. Importantly, the co-localization of PEDV with NM-ⅡA in cells, and the interaction between the PEDV S protein and NM-ⅡA, was validated by IFA and Co-IP, respectively. Mechanistically, NM-IIA achieved this function by interacting with the S protein via its tail domain. These findings reveal an essential role of NM-ⅡA in PEDV infection.